Insights on AI, Genomics, and Research for Life Sciences

Designing Patient-centric Rare-disease Trials: AI, Digital Health & Multi-omics | ClairLabs

Written by Amit Parhar | Feb 23, 2026 7:28:56 AM

Peter Drucker, the renowned Austrian-American consultant and educator, famously said, “The best way to predict the future is to create it.” In rare-disease research, the future of clinical development is being actively redesigned. Small populations, pediatric cohorts, and complex molecular drivers pose challenges for conventional trial execution and data capture. 

The emergence of patient-centric trial design, supported by AI-enabled analytics, digital biomarkers, and multi-omics data integration, is shifting rare-disease trials toward models that are more feasible, data-rich, and inclusive from day one.

Why Rare-disease Trials Need a Complete Rethink

Rare disease trials are characterized by small patient numbers, long travel distances to specialist centers, and complex molecular signatures that preclude one-size-fits-all endpoints. Traditional site-centric trials often exclude patients who cannot travel, skewing trial populations and slowing enrollment. The result? Feasibility challenges, high screen-fail rates, and long timelines – all costly for biotech firms and disruptive to patient communities that need timely access to therapies. These constraints make patient-centric, hybrid, and remote approaches not just preferable but necessary.

The Rise of Decentralized and Hybrid Models

Decentralized clinical trials (DCTs) supported by telemedicine, local laboratory/home nursing, and remote data capture reduce travel burden and increase access in underserved geographies. In addition to regulators and industry acknowledging this trend, formal guidance and compendia now describe how sponsors can adopt DCT elements while meeting safety and data integrity requirements. Decentralized approaches have been shown to accelerate recruitment, improve retention, and broaden demographic representation. These are also critical success criteria for rare-disease programs where every patient counts.

Practical DCT elements for rare disease R&D:

  • Mobile health apps and remote eConsent to streamline onboarding.
  • Wearables and remote sensors for continuous measurement of motor function, sleep, activity, and physiologic signals.
  • Home-collection kits with samples such as blood or saliva, and partnerships with local labs to reduce patient travel.

These elements reduce patient burden and create richer longitudinal datasets for deep phenotyping.

Bringing Multi-omics and AI Into Patient-centric Trial Design

Collecting genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics (multi-omics) alongside DCT data unlocks two major advantages. The first is Precision cohorting, in which AI models that ingest NGS diagnostic and clinicopathologic data can identify patients who are most likely to respond at the molecular level, enabling smaller, smarter cohorts and adaptive enrichment. The second is Integrated endpoints, in which algorithms can correlate time-series digital biomarkers from wearables with molecular signatures, revealing mechanistic endpoints and early signals of efficacy in small subgroups. 

Let’s look at some key use cases where AI and multi-omics add value:

  • AI for participant identification
    Natural language processing of EHRs and variant matching to find eligible patients across networks.

  • Digital endpoint validation
    Machine learning correlates continuous sensor data with clinical scales to derive sensitive, remote endpoints.


  • Adaptive arm adjustments
    Bayesian and reinforcement-learning approaches can re-allocate scarce patients into arms showing promise, maximizing trial signal while preserving safety.


NCBI recently reports that multi-omics and single-cell spatial methods improve molecular resolution in small cohorts—a capability that, when linked to remote phenotypes, enhances signal detection in rare disease trials.

What a “Rare-disease Ready” Trial Data Platform Looks Like

A production-grade platform for rare disease trials must do more than store data. It must unify ingestion (wearables, eCOA, EHR, lab, and multi-omics), support real-time analytics, and provide immutable audit trails for regulators.

Let’s look at some essential capabilities today’s leaders must deploy:

  • Unified data model that preserves provenance and timestamps for every data stream.

  • Regulatory-ready audit trails and role-based access controls to satisfy FDA/EMA requirements for DCTs.

  • Federated and privacy-preserving analytics so genomic and clinical data can be queried without centralizing sensitive raw data.

  • AI pipelines for recruitment, endpoint derivation and adaptive trial analytics — all instrumented with explainability and bias checks.

And here’s a design checklist for putting the care in our global care continuum:

  • Start with patient journeys: map pain points (travel, visits, sample handling).

  • Choose DCT elements that lower burden (local labs, home sample kits, telehealth).

  • Define digital endpoints linked to clinical and molecular truth.

  • Build an end-to-end data platform with audit trails and governance.

  • Use AI for recruitment and adaptive analytics — but validate models prospectively.

As a data and analytics partner, ClairLabs provides NGS diagnostics integration, secure multi-omics pipelines, and data engineering and governance that enable sponsors and CROs to run patient-centric, decentralized programs at scale. We specialize in transforming heterogeneous DHT (digital health technology) streams into validated digital biomarkers, linking them to molecular data, and producing regulatory-ready evidence packages for clinical operations and R&D leadership.

Towards an Inclusive and Healthier Future

Designing patient-centric rare disease trials requires aligning technology, data, and regulation with patients' lived realities. This is possible, first, by combining decentralized clinical trials, digital biomarkers, AI for clinical trials, and multi-omics enrichment. Second, they must be supported by robust data governance – sponsors and CROs can conduct trials that are faster, fairer, and more scientifically informative. This is not an incremental change; it is a new standard of care for rare-disease research and development.

Ready to design a rare-disease trial that centers on patients and accelerates signal detection? Contact ClairLabs to architect a privacy-first, regulatory-ready data platform and multi-omics pipeline for your next DCT.